Rwandan Civil War war movies
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Rwandan Civil War war movies

Rwandan Civil War (1990-1994)


Since 1884, when Berlin Conference gave Germany control over Rwanda, the colonial officials were segregating the inhabitants of the area into 3 groups: Twa, Hutu and Tutsi. While Twa were descendants of the pygmy tribes that lived there for thousands of years, Hutu and Tutsi were Bantu tribes that migrated into Rwanda some time between 700 BC and 1500 AD. At least that’s the theory since with time it was more and more difficult to distinguish any differences between Hutu and Tutsi, so another theory is that the groups have evolved as caste system, rather than two different ethnic groups. But since Germans took over the area in 1884 they came up with the theory that origins of Tutsi were rather in Ethiopia rather than Bantu tribes, thus superior to Hutu, and began to favour Tutsi leaders over Hutu.

When Belgians took over the area during World War I they continued to treat Tutsi as the better group (or caste) or during the nationalization of the land many Hutu chieftains were stripped of their possession with very small compensation, which began to enrage the Hutu and create division between the two groups. Another detail that turned out to be vital in the story was introduction of identity cards in 1935 by the Belgians, the cards stated if the the person belongs to Hutu or Tutsi, which blocked the last chance for Hutu to become Tutsi via the wealth or achievements, and finally made the two different races.

In 1950s, when Rwandan independence movements were established that lead to Rwandan revolution in 1959 and independence from Belgium in 1962, but at the same time the differences between the Tutsi (considered to be the elite) and Hutu (associated with poverty and hard, sometimes even forced, labour) arose to the level that first violent acts took part and first people were killed for being part of the opposite side of the conflict. While the revolution progressed the Tutsi began to fled the country to escape the Hutu purges. While in the exile some of the Tutsi leaders were planning to return one day and took over the control of Rwanda again, which led to the border raids in 1990. Rwandan army managed to prevent the progress of the rebels of Rwandan Patriotic Front, but RPF moved into Virunga Mountains area, where they fought with the army for almost 4 years.

The attacks from RPF gave the Hutu controlled government excuse to arm and train the civilians so they could defend the country, but in reality it was part of the plan to solve once and for all the tensions between Tutsi and Hutu by total extermination of Tutsi in Rwanda. On 6th April 1994 the airplane with Rwandan President Juvénal Habyarimana was shot down (post-war investigation concluded that most likely by Hutu extremists in the Rwandan army), which led to open genocide of Tutsi just hours later. Hutu extremists armed with machetes and guns began to kill Tutsi in their homes, in the streets, everywhere they spotted them. Within 3 months of the horror in Rwanda, during which the foreign forces failed to provide any help or protection to the civilians, between 500,000 and 1,000,000 Tutsi were killed. In late June 1994 French forces began to establish the refuge areas protected by the soldiers under United Nations mandate. In July 1994 Rwandan Patriotic Front managed to take over control over most of the country, about 400,000 Hutus fled to neighbour countries fearing of the revenge for the genocide.


more about Rwandan Civil War on en.wikipedia.org



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War movies about Rwandan Civil War

Hotel Rwanda 2004 war movie

Hotel Rwanda 2004

When genocide in Rwanda begins Paul Rusesabagina, manager of hotel in Kigali, has to find a way to save his family, but soon he becomes the last hope for Tutsi looking for refuge from the horror flooding the streets.

Sometimes in April 2005 war movie

Sometimes in April 2005

Ten years after the genocide in Rwanda former soldier Augustin Muganza visits his brother, who is awaiting trial in front of international tribunal for war crimes. There is a reason they haven’t spoke in years...



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